Computer Basics
Computer Basics
A computer is an electronic machine which is able to perform certain mathematical or logical operations automatically without the need for human intervention. Modern computers are able to do general sets of complex operations such as mathematical calculations. These computers enable computers to do a wide spectrum of activities.
Desktop computers have become popular because they are easier to use and have more features than laptops. Laptops, on the other hand, were developed as a type of personal computer with greater portability and with the intention of allowing users to access personal files on the move. Desktop computers execute instructions via different types of computer connections.
The most popular types of computer connections are physical and logical. Physical connections are those which are found at the hardware level and include cable connections. Laptop computers usually have built-in connectors for external peripherals like printers and scanners. Monitors connected to a desktop computer can also be operated through a physical connection. Logical connections are present in some desktop computers but are absent in laptops.
There are different types of computer connections which can be found in desktops. AC power is supplied to the computer by a wall outlet or by a USB port. A local area network is also referred to as a network router. A modem is used to connect personal computers to the network.
There are many other computer connections found in desktop computers. Data can be transmitted over radio frequencies or through electromagnetic radiation. Some other forms of connection include data lines, high-speed Internet, compact discs, and digital cameras. Video games consoles and audio systems also transfer data over different types of media.
An analog computer uses the method where data is executed by analog elements and digital elements. An example of analog computer includes telephone sets, TV sets, music players, fax machines, personal digital assistants, personal computers, and other devices which execute instructions using analog processes. The digital computer on the other hand, executes instructions using binary codes. Examples of digital computer include digital camera, video game consoles, personal digital assistants, and computers used for financial services.
Computer hardware refers to components such as main boards, keyboards, processors, memory modules, hard disk, video card, printer controllers, and so on. There are different types of computer hardware such as desktop computers, laptop computers, workstations, mainframes, mainboards, digital appliances, network operating systems, security devices, and communication devices. A computer system is an appliance, while a computer system is a collection of various computer appliances. In most cases, a computer system requires an operating system or a computer program that controls the operations of the different types of computer hardware.
Different types of computer programs are available in the market. These computer programs are installed in a computer system through a CD-ROM, CD-RW, DVD-ROM, or Blu-Ray disk. Operating systems and computer software are available for download from the Internet. They can also be bought from the manufacturer. The Internet is a rich source of information and tutorials that teach users how to install and operate the different types of computer software.
An operating system has an application that controls the computer hardware. It is a basic unit of the computer system. It is a self-contained part that comprises all hardware and software and makes the computer work. The operating system stores the configurations and preferences of the computer hardware. A computer is more efficient and effective if it has a good operating system.